Coverdell ESA qualified education expenses

ARTICLE TAKEAWAYS

  • Which education expenses are generally considered qualified
  • Tax implications if distributions are used for nonqualified expenses

Generally, qualified education expenses are those required for the enrollment or attendance of the beneficiary at an eligible educational institution. The Coverdell ESA authorized person or recipient is responsible for confirming an education expense is considered qualified and should review About Publication 970, Tax Benefits for Education to see what the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) considers qualified. For higher education expenses, visit the Federal Student Aid website and use the Federal School Code Search to verify the school is an eligible educational institution by confirming it has a federal school code. 

If distributions are used for purposes other than qualified education expenses, the earnings will be subject to a 10% federal tax penalty, in addition to federal and, if applicable, state income tax. States take different approaches to the income tax treatment of distributions. Your client should consult with a tax advisor for state-specific details.

Qualified expenses for elementary, secondary or higher education institutions

The following expenses are generally considered qualified for elementary, secondary or higher education institutions:

  • Tuition and mandatory fees
  • Required books, supplies and equipment
  • The following computer technology equipment*:

    • Computers or peripheral equipment (such as printers)
    • Computer software
    • Internet access and related services

* Must be used primarily by the recipient during the time enrolled at the eligible higher educational institution

  • Room and board for the time the student is enrolled at least half-time, as defined by the IRS 
  • Services for a recipient with special needs

Additional qualified expenses (for elementary and secondary education only)

  • Academic tutoring
  • Uniforms
  • Transportation
  • Supplementary items and services (including extended day programs)

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